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GPZ (State Bearing Plant) refers to the network of Soviet-era bearing factories established across the USSR beginning in the 1930s, including the landmark GPZ-1 plant in Moscow. GPZ bearings were used in virtually all Soviet military, automotive, aerospace, and industrial equipment. GPZ part numbers follow the GOST standard system — entirely different from Western ISO/DIN conventions — using numeric designations like type-series-bore codes that require dedicated Soviet-to-ISO interchange tables.